NOx emissions of turbofan powered unmanned aerial vehicle for complete flight cycle

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have been getting more and more popular in both civil and military arena. Similar to manned aircraft, their propulsion systems or engines emit harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides. Since UAVs have different mission profiles and operational parameters than manned aircraft, it is worthy to investigate their NO_x emissions. Therefore, in this study, NO_x emissions of a turbofan powered UAV for complete flight cycle was calculated and optimized within a range of altitude and speed parameters. NO_x emissions were calculated based on ICAO ground test data and corrected to any speed and altitude during flight legs using both Boeing Fuel Flow Method 2 and DLR Fuel Flow Method. Total NO_x emissions were calculated for complete flight cycles for different altitude and speed parameters. Numerical results were presented graphically and additionally optimization studies were conducted. Optimization studies include determination and comparison of speed and altitude for minimum NO_x emissions by the two fuel flow methods and maximum loiter time achievable by UAV.     

多发涡扇飞机拍频噪声抑制原理及应用

多发涡扇民用飞机在巡航飞行阶段,客舱区域容易受到拍频噪声的影响。为研究抑制拍频噪声的飞机设计方法,采用管道声学理论对大涵道比涡扇发动机进行拍频噪声建模,明确了拍频噪声主要来源于风扇叶片通过频率的单音及其谐波。应用声波线性叠加原理,分别分析了双发、四发飞机拍频噪声产生的机理,得出抑制拍频噪声的方法是使所有发动机的物理转速一致。在研究四发飞机拍频噪声抑制过程中,推导了频率相近幅值不同单音声波干涉的计算公式,为三发等其他多发飞机的拍频噪声抑制设计提供了参考。为了促进该项技术的工程应用,研究了波音787飞机通过推力管理功能实现拍频噪声抑制的方法,设计了拍频噪声抑制控制律,并对拍频噪声调频的上限和下限进行分析,给出了相应的建议值。飞机系统在向发动机电子控制器(Engine electronic controller,EEC)提供N1转速同步修正量时,应选择发动机控制所用的目标转速进行比较,EEC则以叠加N1转速同步修正量的目标转速进行发动机控制。     

变循环压缩系统涵道流动计算模型及模式转换倒流判据研究

为了研究双外涵变循环压缩系统的涵道流动匹配规律，发展了涵道流动的计算模型，对压缩系统模式转换过程中外涵道倒流问题的发生机理和影响因素进行了深入分析，总结了压缩系统的倒流判断准则，并基于简化计算模型和全三维计算结果对倒流判据进行了验证。研究结果表明，对于一定的压缩系统匹配状态，存在一个决定涵道匹配状态的临界核心机驱动风扇级(Core Driven Fan Stage, CDFS)总压比，当CDFS的实际工作压比高于临界压比时，压缩系统第二外涵道将发生倒流，反之则系统不倒流。复杂涵道系统内的流动损失和堵塞等特性对临界CDFS总压比有显著影响，为了准确判断压缩系统的匹配状态，需要对其进行精确模化。基于简化模型得到的压缩系统倒流临界线可以推广至全三维状态，本文提出的倒流判别准则具有较高的可靠性和可行性。     

固体火箭冲压发动机技术研究进展

近年来,固体火箭冲压发动机获得飞快发展,本文综述了其技术研究进展,为后续固体火箭冲压发动机技术及相似技术的发展提供借鉴。主要介绍了固体火箭冲压发动机的燃气流量调节技术、贫氧推进剂技术、高效燃烧组织技术、转级技术等关键技术。总结发现国内外关键技术已取得了较全面突破,逐渐进入工程实用阶段,但燃烧基础问题研究不足。因此,有必要进一步深入开展推进剂细观燃烧、多相湍流燃烧、金属颗粒燃烧等基础科学研究,进而促进固体火箭冲压发动机技术发展。     

浅谈机队发动机换发计划管理

航空公司机队发动机换发计划管理是发动机工程管理的有机组成部分，换发计划管理需要细致考量影响的因素，并结合实际进行优化调整。     

基于功率裕度的某型发动机全寿命性能研究

随着使用时间不断增加,研究飞行队所有选装ARRIEL2S系列发动机全寿命性能变化趋势的必要性突显.针对SRRIEL2S系列发动机全寿命性能参数变化特点,提出使用基于可几误差舍弃理论处理发动机功率校验数据,分区间描绘该系发动机全寿命性能指标变化趋势,给出该系发动机全寿命性能特点,为机务工程人员监控该系发动机提供有利依据；提出延长功率校验间隔的假设,并在理论上做了充分论证,为节约该系发动机运行成本提供一个明确及可行的方向.     

ENGINE SENSOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS USING MAIN AND DECENTRALIZED NEURAL NET WORKS

ＡｎａｌｙｔｉｃａｌｒｅｄｕｎｄａｎｃｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓｓｕｃｈａｓｅｘｔｅｎｄｅｄＫａｌｍａｎｆｉｌｔｅｒ，ｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓｔｒａｃｋｉｎｇｆｉｌｔｅｒａｎｄｓｏｏｎｃａｎｄｅｔｅｃｔ，ｉｓｏｌａｔｅａｎｄａｃｏｍｍｏｄａｔｅｆａｉｌｕｒ...     

面向控制的高超声速飞行器推进系统代理建模

针对高超声速飞行器推进系统机理模型结构复杂、计算效率低、难以直接应用于控制器设计的问题,建立了面向控制的高超声速飞行器推进系统代理模型。首先,通过对机理模型进行分析,确定了代理模型的基本形式;然后,基于拟合优度的敏感度分析方法,将代理模型简化为最简形式;最后,采用自适应状态变量替换方法,对代理模型进行面向控制的简化。计算结果表明,自适应状态变量替换法可实现面向控制的模型简化;面向控制的代理模型能够达到较好的拟合效果。     

直9涡轴8发动机的历程记录仪

本文简要介绍了适合直9涡轴8系列发动机使用的历程记录仪的硬件结构及软件设计原则。通过100多台的外场改装使用证明,记录仪改装简单、工作可靠,取得了满意的效果。     

Matching mechanism analysis on an adaptive cycle engine

As a novel aero-engine concept, adaptive cycle aero-engines (ACEs) are attracting wide attention in the international aviation industry due to their potential superior task adaptability along a wide flight regime. However, this superior task adaptability can only be demonstrated through proper combined engine control schedule design. It has resulted in an urgent need to inves-tigate the effect of each variable geometry modulation on engine performance and stability. Thus, the aim of this paper is to predict and discuss the effect of each variable geometry modulation on the matching relationship between engine components as well as the overall engine performance at dif-ferent operating modes, on the basis of a newly developed nonlinear component-based ACE perfor-mance model. Results show that at all four working modes, turning down the high pressure compressor variable stator vane, the low pressure turbine variable nozzle, the nozzle throat area, and turning up the core-driven fan stage variable stator vane, the high pressure turbine variable nozzle can increase the thrust at the expense of a higher high pressure turbine inlet total tempera-ture. However, the influences of these adjustments on the trends of various engine components' working points and working lines as well as the ratio of the rotation speed difference are different from each other. The above results provide valuable guidance and advice for engine combined con-trol schedule design.